MTBE v2025: new version of the Quarterly Model of the Banco de España
Authors
Issue Date
19-Jan-2026
Physical description
44 p.
Abstract
El Modelo Trimestral del Banco de España (MTBE) es un modelo macroeconométrico de gran tamaño utilizado en las proyecciones a medio plazo de la economía española, así como en la elaboración de escenarios y la simulación de políticas económicas. El modelo es el de una economía pequeña y abierta que forma parte de una unión monetaria. Está especificado como un conjunto amplio de ecuaciones de corrección del error. Este documento presenta una actualización del modelo, que incluye cambios en la especificación y una reestimación con datos hasta 2022. El cambio de mayor envergadura es la inclusión de expectativas en las ecuaciones principales. Esto permite al MTBE v2025 realizar simulaciones bajo diferentes supuestos sobre la forma en que los agentes forman sus expectativas. La actualización también mejora los canales financieros introducidos en el modelo y añade detalles adicionales en aspectos que han ganado importancia en los últimos años, como las perturbaciones de los precios energéticos.
The Quarterly Model of the Banco de España (MTBE, by its Spanish acronym) is a large-scale macroeconometric model used for medium-term macroeconomic forecasting of the Spanish economy, as well as for performing scenario and policy simulations. The model is for a small, open economy within a monetary union. It is specified as a large set of error correction equations. This document presents an update of the model, which includes some specification changes and a re-estimation using data up to 2022. The main change in this version is the explicit inclusion of expectations in the main equations. This makes the model suitable for performing simulations under different assumptions about the way agents form their expectations. The update also enhances the financial channels included in the model and introduces additional detail in aspects that have gained importance in recent years, such as energy shocks.
The Quarterly Model of the Banco de España (MTBE, by its Spanish acronym) is a large-scale macroeconometric model used for medium-term macroeconomic forecasting of the Spanish economy, as well as for performing scenario and policy simulations. The model is for a small, open economy within a monetary union. It is specified as a large set of error correction equations. This document presents an update of the model, which includes some specification changes and a re-estimation using data up to 2022. The main change in this version is the explicit inclusion of expectations in the main equations. This makes the model suitable for performing simulations under different assumptions about the way agents form their expectations. The update also enhances the financial channels included in the model and introduces additional detail in aspects that have gained importance in recent years, such as energy shocks.
Publish on
Documentos Ocasionales / Banco de España, 2602
Subjects
Macroeconometría; Modelo de previsiones; Modelos econométricos; Economía española; Modelo macroeconométrico; Spanish economy; Macroeconometric model; España
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