The financial transmission of housing bubbles : evidence from Spain
Autor
Fecha de publicación
18-jul-2018
Descripción física
58 p.
Resumen
¿Cuáles son los efectos de una burbuja inmobiliaria sobre el resto de la economía? En este trabajo mostramos que, si las empresas y los bancos están restringidos, una burbuja inmobiliaria inicialmente reduce el crédito a empresas no relacionadas con el sector inmobiliario. Esto es así porque el aumento inicial de la demanda de crédito de empresas relacionadas con la construcción no se ve reflejado en un aumento de la oferta de crédito por parte de los bancos. Sin embargo, a medida que la burbuja continúa, las empresas de construcción devuelven sus préstamos y aumenta el patrimonio de los bancos y, por lo tanto, se produce una expansión en la oferta de crédito a todas las empresas de la economía. De este modo, la reducción inicial de crédito en sectores no relacionados con la actividad inmobiliaria da paso a un aumento generalizado del crédito (y, por tanto, de la actividad) en toda la economía inducido por la burbuja inmobiliaria. Estas predicciones son confirmadas por la evidencia empírica a lo largo del reciente boom inmobiliario de la economía española. En los primeros años de la burbuja, las empresas no relacionadas con la vivienda redujeron su crédito procedente de los bancos más expuestos a la burbuja. En los últimos años, sin embargo, estas mismas empresas aumentaron su crédito procedente de esos mismos bancos
What are the effects of a housing bubble on the rest of the economy? We show that if firms and banks face collateral constraints, a housing bubble initially raises credit demand by housing firms while leaving credit supply unaffected. It therefore crowds out credit to non-housing firms. If time passes and the bubble lasts, however, housing firms eventually pay back their higher loans. This leads to an increase in banks’ net worth and thus to an expansion in their supply of credit to all firms: crowding-out gives way to crowding-in. These predictions are confirmed by empirical evidence from the recent Spanish housing bubble. In the early years of the bubble, non-housing firms reduced their credit from banks that were more exposed to the bubble, and firms that were more exposed to these banks had lower credit and output growth. In its last years, these effects were reversed
What are the effects of a housing bubble on the rest of the economy? We show that if firms and banks face collateral constraints, a housing bubble initially raises credit demand by housing firms while leaving credit supply unaffected. It therefore crowds out credit to non-housing firms. If time passes and the bubble lasts, however, housing firms eventually pay back their higher loans. This leads to an increase in banks’ net worth and thus to an expansion in their supply of credit to all firms: crowding-out gives way to crowding-in. These predictions are confirmed by empirical evidence from the recent Spanish housing bubble. In the early years of the bubble, non-housing firms reduced their credit from banks that were more exposed to the bubble, and firms that were more exposed to these banks had lower credit and output growth. In its last years, these effects were reversed
Publicado en
Documentos de Trabajo / Banco de España, 1823
Materias
Burbuja inmobiliaria; Crédito; Inversión; Fricciones financieras; Transmisión financiera; Housing bubble; Credit; Investment; Financial frictions; Financial transmission; Spain; Fluctuaciones y ciclos económicos; Instituciones financieras no bancarias; España
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