Empirical assessment of alternative structural methods for identifying cyclical systemic risk in Europe
Autor
Fecha de publicación
6-ago-2018
Resumen
La brecha crédito-PIB, calculada según la metodología de Basilea (brecha de Basilea), es actualmente el indicador de referencia para la activación del colchón de capital anticíclico (CCA), debido a su simplicidad y capacidad predictiva sobre futuras crisis sistémicas. Sin embargo, este indicador presenta ciertas limitaciones que pueden producir decisiones subóptimas en muchos países si se utiliza de manera automática para la activación del CCA. La naturaleza puramente estadística de la metodología de Basilea puede estar detrás de estas limitaciones. En este estudio proponemos como medidas complementarias de desequilibrio de crédito dos modelos semi-estructurales desarrollados para aprovechar relaciones económicas entre las variables. Estos modelos son evaluados utilizando datos de seis países europeos con información desde 1970. En comparación con la brecha de Basilea, los modelos propuestos tienden a proporcionar señales más precisas de la acumulación de riesgo cíclico, y reaccionan de forma más estable ante cambios muy rápidos en el crecimiento del crédito o en otras relaciones económicas. No obstante, los resultados muestran heterogeneidad entre países en la capacidad de estos modelos para anticipar crisis sistémicas. Esto evidencia las diferencias existentes entre países en los ciclos financieros y las variables vinculadas a estos, así como la importancia de considerar enfoques flexibles que se adapten a las especificidades nacionales en la formulación de políticas macroprudenciales
The credit-to-GDP gap, as proposed by the Basel methodology, has become the reference measure for the activation of the Countercyclical Capital Buffer (CCyB) due to its simplicity and good predictive power for future systemic crises. However, it presents several shortcomings that could lead to suboptimal decisions in many countries if it were used as an automatic rule for the activation of the CCyB. We study to what extent the purely statistical nature of the Basel methodology is responsible for these undesired effects by considering potential complementary credit gap measures that incorporate economic fundamentals. Specifi cally, we analyse the performance of two alternative (semi-) structural models that may account for these factors. We assess the proposed measures using time series data from the 70’s for six European countries and compare them to the Basel gap. We fi nd that the proposed models provide more accurate early warning signals of the build-up of cyclical systemic risk than the Basel gap, as well as lower upward and downward biases after rapid changes in fundamentals. Nonetheless, results evidence heterogeneity in the ability from different models and specifi cations across countries to forewarn about future crises. This result evidences the differences in the financial cycles and their drivers across countries, and shows the importance in macroprudential policy of considering fl exible approaches that adapt to national specificities
The credit-to-GDP gap, as proposed by the Basel methodology, has become the reference measure for the activation of the Countercyclical Capital Buffer (CCyB) due to its simplicity and good predictive power for future systemic crises. However, it presents several shortcomings that could lead to suboptimal decisions in many countries if it were used as an automatic rule for the activation of the CCyB. We study to what extent the purely statistical nature of the Basel methodology is responsible for these undesired effects by considering potential complementary credit gap measures that incorporate economic fundamentals. Specifi cally, we analyse the performance of two alternative (semi-) structural models that may account for these factors. We assess the proposed measures using time series data from the 70’s for six European countries and compare them to the Basel gap. We fi nd that the proposed models provide more accurate early warning signals of the build-up of cyclical systemic risk than the Basel gap, as well as lower upward and downward biases after rapid changes in fundamentals. Nonetheless, results evidence heterogeneity in the ability from different models and specifi cations across countries to forewarn about future crises. This result evidences the differences in the financial cycles and their drivers across countries, and shows the importance in macroprudential policy of considering fl exible approaches that adapt to national specificities
Publicado en
Documentos de Trabajo / Banco de España, 1825
Materias
Desequilibrios de crédito; Indicadores basados en modelos; Modelos de alerta temprana; Política macroprudencial; Riesgo sistémico cíclico; Credit imbalances; Cyclical systemic risk; Early-warning models; Macroprudential policy; Model-based indicators; Regulación y supervisión de instituciones financieras; Bancos centrales y otras autoridades monetarias; Fluctuaciones y ciclos económicos; Modelos econométricos; Sistemas bancarios y actividad crediticia
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