Public debt dynamics: a stochastic approach applied to Spain
Autor
Fecha de publicación
7-jun-2024
Descripción física
47 p.
Resumen
Este documento presenta una metodología para analizar la sostenibilidad de la deuda pública, que incorpora elementos que permiten cuantificar la incertidumbre del entorno macrofinanciero. El objetivo es identificar los riesgos, no solo bajo supuestos concretos, sino también teniendo en cuenta una completa caracterización de los posibles desarrollos en la economía real y en los costes de financiación, de acuerdo con la evidencia histórica disponible. Para ello, se incorporan perturbaciones estocásticas a las ecuaciones de un modelo de análisis de sostenibilidad de la deuda (DSA, por sus siglas en inglés) estándar, utilizando evidencia del pasado reciente para calibrar su magnitud y recurrencia. Aplicado al caso particular de España, los resultados sugieren que la incertidumbre sobre el entorno macrofinanciero y la creciente presión de los costes del envejecimiento suponen un desafío para la sostenibilidad de nuestras finanzas públicas. En concreto, en ausencia de nuevas medidas de consolidación fiscal, se estima una probabilidad del 80 % de que la deuda pública en España se sitúe por encima del 100 % del PIB en 2040. Sin embargo, en un escenario caracterizado por una política de consolidación coherente con el nuevo marco europeo de gobernanza económica, dicha probabilidad se reduciría al 20%.
This paper presents a methodology for analysing public debt sustainability that incorporates factors that enable uncertainty in the macro-financial environment to be quantified. The aim is to identify risks, not only under specific assumptions, but also considering a complete characterisation of potential developments in the real economy and in financing costs, based on the historical evidence available. To this end, stochastic shocks are included in the equations for a standard debt sustainability analysis (DSA) model, using recent evidence to gauge their scale and recurrence. When applied to Spain, the results suggest that uncertainty over the macro-financial environment and the growing pressure of the costs of ageing pose a challenge for the sustainability of our public finances. Specifically, in the absence of new fiscal consolidation measures, it is estimated that the probability of public debt in Spain being above 100% of GDP in 2040 is 80%. However, in a scenario characterised by a consolidation policy consistent with the new European economic governance framework, that probability would drop to 20%.
This paper presents a methodology for analysing public debt sustainability that incorporates factors that enable uncertainty in the macro-financial environment to be quantified. The aim is to identify risks, not only under specific assumptions, but also considering a complete characterisation of potential developments in the real economy and in financing costs, based on the historical evidence available. To this end, stochastic shocks are included in the equations for a standard debt sustainability analysis (DSA) model, using recent evidence to gauge their scale and recurrence. When applied to Spain, the results suggest that uncertainty over the macro-financial environment and the growing pressure of the costs of ageing pose a challenge for the sustainability of our public finances. Specifically, in the absence of new fiscal consolidation measures, it is estimated that the probability of public debt in Spain being above 100% of GDP in 2040 is 80%. However, in a scenario characterised by a consolidation policy consistent with the new European economic governance framework, that probability would drop to 20%.
Publicado en
Documentos Ocasionales / Banco de España, 2420
Otras versiones
Materias
Sostenibilidad de la deuda pública; Finanzas públicas; Modelo estocástico; Public debt sustainability; Public finances; Stochastic model; Finanzas públicas; Gestión de la deuda; Deuda pública; España
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